1. Single Disk 1.1 Creating the File System Wipe the disk 1 wipefs -a /dev/nvme0n1 Format the disk 1 mkfs.xfs /dev/nvme0n1 Mount the disk 1 2 mkdir -p /mnt/nvme0n1-test mount /dev/nvme0n1 /mnt/nvme0n1-test 1.2 Performance Test 4k random write 1 2 3 4 echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches fio --name=4k_randwrite --rw=randwrite --bs=4k --ioengine=libaio --direct=1 \ --numjobs=8 --iodepth=32 --size=20G --time_based --runtime=120 --group_reporting \ --allow_mounted_write=1 --filename=/mnt/nvme0n1-test/fio-4k-randwrite.

ZFS does not support online shrinking; this post focuses on operational tasks such as creating pools, replacing disks, and expanding capacity. 1. ZFS vdev Types mirror: mirroring, multiple disks hold copies of each other, equivalent to RAID 1 raidz3: triple parity, tolerates 3 disk failures raidz2: double parity, tolerates 2 disk failures, equivalent to RAID 6 raidz1: single parity, tolerates 1 disk failure, equivalent to RAID 5 striped: striping, no redundancy, equivalent to RAID 0 They can also be combined: