1. About Two Places and Three Centers As shown above, the two-places-three-centers architecture exists to improve the fault tolerance and disaster recovery capability of a system. When one data center becomes unavailable, traffic for critical business can be switched to another data center, which makes the system resilient to city-level natural disasters.

1. Introduction to Velero Velero is an open-source Kubernetes cluster backup and migration tool from the heptio team (acquired by VMWare). Velero stores cluster resources in object storage. It supports AWS, Azure, and GCP object storage by default, is compatible with the S3 protocol, and can be extended to other platforms such as Aliyun OSS through plugins.