1. Typical Use Cases In CI, there is usually a CI Engine responsible for parsing the pipeline and controlling the whole build process, while the actual build is delegated to an Agent. Jenkins and GitLab both work this way. As shown below, there are many kinds of Agents that connect to the CI Engine.

First, the compiler needs to compile .java text files into .class bytecode, and then the JVM executes the .class bytecode files. The process is not complicated; this article mainly records some of the related steps during compilation and runtime. 1. A Single Source File Create a text file Hello.java 1

1. Frontend Automated Build Tools When dealing with frontend scenarios, you write CSS with Less, HTML with Jade, modularize with Browserify, and add MD5 hashes to resources for non-overwriting deployments. If all this work were done purely by hand, the efficiency would be extremely low. A frontend automated build tool